Translocations in Solid Tumors
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Edited By:Colin CooperThe Institute of Cancer Research ISBN: 978-1-58706-033-5 Published: 2002-05-15 |
One of the most fruitful areas of research, as judged by the very large numbers of new cancer genes identified, has been the molecular analysis of recurrent chromosomal translocations. The original concept that gave rise to this book was that key scientists involved in the original isolation of the genes involved in each recurrent solid tumor translocation would be invited to write a chapter. Their work has provided remarkable insights into the molecular basis of the development of human cancer and in some cases provide clues to the possible cell of origin of the tumor and to relationships between different tumor types. It is apparent that many of the translocations represent extremely useful diagnostic and prognostic markers that may be used in the clinical management of cancer patients.
Chapters available from this book
Toward New Approaches: Targeting Tumor Specific Molecular Alterations with Immune Based Therapy
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Effective immune based therapies for cancer have long been sought by immunologists and oncologists. Indeed many of the basic immunologic principles of transplantation were discovered serendipitously in the 1940s by investigators studying tumor rejection using transplantation models. Desp...
Molecular Diagnostics
Marc Ladanyi
Specific chromosomal translocations are found in several solid tumors, including many sarcomas (Table 1) and some epithelial tumors (Table 2). Several lines of evidence suggest that the fusion genes encoded by these translocations are the initi...
Renal Carcinoma
Colin S. Cooper and Janet M. Shipley
Renal neoplasms account for 3% of adult malignancies with approximately 27,000 cases and more than 10,000 deaths in the US each year.1 In children renal tumors, predominantly Wilm's tumor, account for 8% of cancers. Many different categories of benign and malignant tumor are n...
Thyroid Cancer
Marco A. Pierotti, Italia Bongarzone, Maria Grazia Borrello, Angela Greco, Silvana Pilotti and Gabriella Sozzi
The thyroid gland manifests a wide spectrum of malignant neoplasms, including medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), which develop from the neural–crest derived C cells, and tumors originating from the epithelial follicular cells. The latter comprise several tumor types with different p...
ETV6–NTRK3 Gene Fusions in Spindle Cell Tumors of Early Childhood
Poul H.B. Sorensen
Molecular analysis of gene fusions expressed in human tumors is providing numerous insights into the oncogenic process. Most chimeric oncoproteins characterized to date appear to act as aberrant transcription factors, likely functioning in transformation by dysregulating the expression o...
Chromosome Translocations in Dermatofibrosarcoma
Claude Turc-Carel
Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans (DP), also named Darier–Ferrand tumor, is a soft tissue tumor typically located in the deep dermis. It arises at any site but preferentially in the subcutaneous tissue of the trunk and proximal extremities. DP occurs during early and mid–adult li...
Synovial Sarcoma
Janet M. Shipley and Colin S. Cooper
Synovial sarcoma accounts for about 10% of adult soft tissue sarcomas with approximately 200 new cases a year in the UK and 800 in the USA. They occur mainly in adolescence although can present at any age.1,2 The mean age of patients lies between 30 and 35 years,3 a...
The TLS-CHOP Oncoprotein and Human Liposarcoma
Masahiko Kuroda, John Sok, and David Ron
In thinking about cancers that may be amenable to specific therapeutic approaches, one is drawn to the relatively small group of neoplasms, mainly leukemias, lymphomas and sarcomas, that have tumor specific chromosomal rearrangements that encode tumor–specific fusion oncoproteins. B...
Chromosome Translocations in the Ewing Family of Tumors
Olivier Delattre and Nicolas Sévenet
Ewing's sarcoma of bone was originally identified by James Ewing in 1921 as a tumor of long bones, distinct from osteosarcoma, sensitive to radiation and of possible endothelial origin. Subsequently, Ewings sarcoma was observed in all types of bones and also in soft tissues. Its histogen...
Chromosomal Translocations in Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma
Frederic G. Barr
Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) is one subtype of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a heterogeneous family of soft tissue tumors that generally occur in pediatric patients and are related to the skeletal muscle lineage.1 Recognition of this subtype (that has no relationship to the lung...
Chromosome Translocations in Benign Solid Tumors
Wim J.M. Van de Ven, Koen Kas, Marleen M.R. Petit, Eric F.P.M. Schoenmakers and Marianne L. Voz
The evolution from classical genetics to molecular genetics and genetic engineering has revealed the immense potential of gene manipulation for basic science, medicine, and biotechnology. The profound impact of genetics on modern society is becoming increasingly evident in many different...
Molecular Cytogenetics of Complex Chromosomal Rearrangements
R.F. Suijkerbuijk, A. Simons, and A. Geurts van Kessel
Since the end of the last century karyotypicabnormalities have been known to occur in neoplastic cells.1–2 Significant progress in the interpretation of these aberrations was, however, not made until the introduction and continuous improvement of various chromosome bandin...
Cytogenetics of Solid Tumors
Jonathon A. Fletcher
Most of the chromosome translocations discussed in this book were discovered through cytogenetic analyzes. In fact, traditional cytogenetic approaches, in which various stains are used to produce chromosome banding patterns, remain the most effective method for identifying novel chromoso...
Toward New Approaches: Targeting Tumor Specific Molecular Alterations with Immune Based Therapy
C. L. Mackall, T. J. Goletz, J. A. Berzofsky and L.J. Helman
Effective immune based therapies for cancer have long been sought by immunologists and oncologists. Indeed many of the basic immunologic principles of transplantation were discovered serendipitously in the 1940s by investigators studying tumor rejection using transplantation models. Desp...
Molecular Diagnostics
Marc Ladanyi
Specific chromosomal translocations are found in several solid tumors, including many sarcomas (Table 1) and some epithelial tumors (Table 2). Several lines of evidence suggest that the fusion genes encoded by these translocations are the initiating events that are likely to be necessary...
Renal Carcinoma
Colin S. Cooper and Janet M. Shipley
Renal neoplasms account for 3% of adult malignancies with approximately 27,000 cases and more than 10,000 deaths in the US each year.1 In children renal tumors, predominantly Wilm's tumor, account for 8% of cancers. Many different categories of benign and malignant tumor are n...
Thyroid Cancer
M. A. Pierotti, I. Bongarzone, M. G. Borrello, A. Greco, S. Pilotti and G. Sozzi
The thyroid gland manifests a wide spectrum of malignant neoplasms, including medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), which develop from the neural–crest derived C cells, and tumors originating from the epithelial follicular cells. The latter comprise several tumor types with different p...
ETV6–NTRK3 Gene Fusions in Spindle Cell Tumors of Early Childhood
Poul H.B. Sorensen
Molecular analysis of gene fusions expressed in human tumors is providing numerous insights into the oncogenic process. Most chimeric oncoproteins characterized to date appear to act as aberrant transcription factors, likely functioning in transformation by dysregulating the expression o...
Chromosome Translocations in Dermatofibrosarcoma
Claude Turc-Carel
Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans (DP), also named Darier–Ferrand tumor, is a soft tissue tumor typically located in the deep dermis. It arises at any site but preferentially in the subcutaneous tissue of the trunk and proximal extremities. DP occurs during early and mid–adult li...
Synovial Sarcoma
Janet M. Shipley and Colin S. Cooper
Synovial sarcoma accounts for about 10% of adult soft tissue sarcomas with approximately 200 new cases a year in the UK and 800 in the USA. They occur mainly in adolescence although can present at any age.1,2 The mean age of patients lies between 30 and 35 years,3 a...
The TLS-CHOP Oncoprotein and Human Liposarcoma
Masahiko Kuroda, John Sok and David Ron
In thinking about cancers that may be amenable to specific therapeutic approaches, one is drawn to the relatively small group of neoplasms, mainly leukemias, lymphomas and sarcomas, that have tumor specific chromosomal rearrangements that encode tumor–specific fusion oncoproteins. B...
Chromosomal Translocations in Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma
Frederic G. Barr
Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) is one subtype of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a heterogeneous family of soft tissue tumors that generally occur in pediatric patients and are related to the skeletal muscle lineage.1 Recognition of this subtype (that has no relationship to the lung...
Chromosome Translocations in Benign Solid Tumors
Wim J.M. Van de Ven, Koen Kas, Marleen M.R. Petit, Eric F.P.M. Schoenmakers, and Marianne L. Voz
The evolution from classical genetics to molecular genetics and genetic engineering has revealed the immense potential of gene manipulation for basic science, medicine, and biotechnology. The profound impact of genetics on modern society is becoming increasingly evident in many different...
Molecular Cytogenetics of Complex Chromosomal Rearrangements
R.F. Suijkerbuijk, A. Simons, and A. Geurts van Kessel
Since the end of the last century karyotypicabnormalities have been known to occur in neoplastic cells.1–2 Significant progress in the interpretation of these aberrations was, however, not made until the introduction and continuous improvement of various chromosome bandin...
Cytogenetics of Solid Tumors
Jonathan A. Fletcher
Most of the chromosome translocations discussed in this book were discovered through cytogenetic analyzes. In fact, traditional cytogenetic approaches, in which various stains are used to produce chromosome banding patterns, remain the most effective method for identifying novel chromoso...
