Immunobiology of Carbohydrates
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Edited By:Simon Y.C. WongEdward Jenner Institute for Vaccine Research Gemma Arsequell IIQAB-CSIC ISBN: 978-0-306-47844-4 Published: 2003-10-13 This book may be purchased as an eBook (pdf) for $99, or individual chapters (pdf) may be purchased from the list below for $19. |
Chapters available from this book
Carbohydrate-Based Targets and Vehicles for Cancer and Infectious Diseases Vaccines
Vasso Apostolopoulos, Magdalena Plebanski and Ian McKenzie
The last decade has seen carbohydrates used not only as targets for effective vaccines against bacteria, but also developed as adjuvants and vaccine carriers for protein antigens for immunotherapy. This chapter focuses on carbohydrate targeting in bacterial and parasitic models for vaccine develo...
Antibody Responses to Polysaccharides
Carola G. Vinuesa and Ian C.M. MacLennan
The polysaccharide capsules of Haemophilus influenzae b, pneumococci and meningococci protect these bacteria from innate immune mechanisms. Consequently, antibody responses to these encapsulated organisms are crucial for host defence. These responses are different from those stimulated by conv...
C-Reactive Protein: Structure, Synthesis and Function
Terry W. Du Clos and Carolyn Mold
C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase serum protein in man and a member of the pentraxin family of proteins. The pentraxins are conserved on an evolutionary basis having shared structural features across invertebrate and vertebrate species. The pentraxins share a novel cyclic pentameric s...
Challenges and Opportunities in the Development of New Conjugate Vaccines Against Infectious Diseases
P. Moingeon, M. Moreau and A.A. Lindberg
Chemical conjugation between capsular polysaccharides (CPS) or lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and carrier proteins represents a powerful means to create vaccines targeting bacterial carbohydrate antigens with increased immunogenicity. Using such conjugate vaccines, infections against Haemophilus in...
C-Type Lectin and Lectin-Like Receptors in the Immune System
Sally Rogers and Simon Y.C. Wong
Protein-carbohydrate interactions have been shown to mediate a variety of biological ac tivities such as homeostasis and immune responses. Immune activities include pathogen recognition and neutralization, leukocyte trafficking, phagocytosis, antigen uptake and processing, and apoptosis. Most o...
Structural Basis for Mannose-Binding Protein Function in Innate Immunity
Russell Wallis
Mannose-binding protein (MBP) is the first component of the lectin pathway of the complement cascade. It targets pathogens by binding to arrays of sugars on cell surfaces and neutralizes them in an antibody-independent manner. Characterization of the interactions of MBP with carbohydrate lig...
The Interaction Between Anti-Gal and the a-Gal Epitope as an Immunologic Barrier to Xenotransplantation
Uri Galili
One of the areas in medicine in which anti-carbohydrate immune response plays the major pathophysiologic role is xenotransplantation (i.e., transplantation of pig or other mammalian organs or cells into humans). The binding of the natural anti-Gal antibody to the a-gal epitope (Gala1-3Galb1-4G...
CD1-Restricted T Cell Responses Against Microbial Glycolipids
Steven A. Porcelli, Lynn G. Dover and Gurdyal S. Besra
The identification of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I and class II molecules as presenting elements for the recognition of peptide antigens by T cells is one of the most fundamental principles of the adaptive immune response. While this mechanism clearly lies at the heart of most ...
Carbohydrate Recognition Receptors
Philip R. Taylor, Gordon D. Brown, Luisa Martinez-Pomares and Siamon Gordon
This chapter describes the receptors on the surface of antigen presenting cells that have been shown to bind to carbohydrates, including those found on the surface of microbes and viruses, and glycosylated endogenous molecules such as hormones and lysosomal enzymes. The same repertoire of rece...
Toll-Like Receptor: Specificity and Signaling
Osamu Takeuchi, Tsuneyasu Kaisho and Shizuo Akira
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are type I transmembrane proteins consisting of extracellular leucine-rich repeats and a cytoplasmic domain resembling that of the Interleukin 1 receptor. Different TLRs recognize distinct pathogen-associated molecular patterns, such as lipopolysaccharide, lipoprotei...
Processing and Presentation of Glycoproteins in the MHC Class I and II Antigen Presentation Pathways
Denise Golgher, Tim Elliott and Mark Howarth
CD8+ and CD4+ T cells are stimulated by peptides bound to MHC class I and II respec- tively. The processing pathways for the generation of class I or class II binding peptides are specialized in surveying different intracellular compartments. While class I peptide loading occurs in the ER, clas...
The Sialic Acid-Binding Siglec Family
Lars Nitschke and Paul R. Crocker
Siglecs are a group of adhesion receptors with tyrosine-based inhibitory signaling motifs. They are mainly expressed by cells of the hematopoietic system. Recently new members of the Siglec family were identified both in the human and the mouse. These comprise a CD33-related subgroup. All Sigl...
