Chapter category: Vaccines
DNA Delivery With Attenuated Intracellular Bacteria
DNA Vaccines
Edited by: Hildegund ErtlISBN: 0-306-47444-1
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Chapter authors:
Joachim Fensterle and Stefan H.E. Kaufmann
For centuries, intracellular bacteria have been a major cause of death globally. Notably, Mycobacterium tuberculosis killed more than 2 million individuals in 1999 worldwide, a number which was only exceeded by HIV.1
Intracellular bacteria are defined by their capability to survive and live inside eukaryotic host cells. Therefore, they comprise different unrelated species of bacteria that have developed diverse strategies to survive within this compartment. This includes the genus Mycobacterium, grampositive genera like Listeria, and Gram-negative genera like Salmonella and Shigella.
Obviously, efficacious vaccines against intracellular pathogens would be highly desirable. How can vaccines be developed for this threatening group of bacterial pathogens and how can one even consider using these bacteria as vaccine carriers? Due to the intracellular life style of these bacteria, T cells are critical mediators of the acquired immune response. Killed bacteria as vaccines are in most cases insufficient stimulators of T cells, although the first ever vaccine against intracellular bacteria, the typhoid vaccine developed 1897 by A. Wright and D. Sample, was based on this principle.2
Additional chapters from this book:
DNA Vaccines: Safety and Regulatory Issues
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Adaptive immune responses require proper positioning of antigenpresenting cells (APCs) and antigenspecific lymphocytes in specific microdomains of secondary lymphoid tissue. This process is gu...
DNA Delivery With Attenuated Intracellular Bacteria
Joachim Fensterle and Stefan H.E. Kaufmann
For centuries, intracellular bacteria have been a major cause of death globally. Notably, Mycobacterium tuberculosis killed more than 2 million individuals in 1999 worl...
