Chapter category: Vaccines
Vaccine for Genital Warts
Vaccines for Human Papilloviruses Infection and Anogenital Disease
Edited by: Robert W. TindleISBN: 1-57059-589-5
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Chapter authors:
John St. Clair Roberts, Terry O’Neill, Charles Lacey, David Rowen, Jane Sterling, Eric Monteiro, Louise Clark and Stephen Thompson
G papillomavirus (HPV), principally HPV types 6 and 11.1 They are one of the most common clinically recognized sexually transmitted diseases worldwide, occurring at incidence rates of 1.5-2.5% per year in men and women aged 20-24 years in populations in the developed world.2,3 For example, in the USA between 500,000 and 1 million new cases of genital warts are reported annually.4 Many treatments are described, but immediate treatment failure or recurrence of warts after initial clearance is seen with all treatment modalities.5 Total prevalent cases of genital warts exceed incident cases by a factor of 1.8, illustrating the frequency of recurrence.6 The economic burden of genital warts is consequently substantial, and estimated to exceed $3.8 billion in the U.S. for 1997.4 Biberstein first described the concept of immunotherapy as a treatment for genital warts in 1925.7 This approach to treatment used excised genital wart material from the subjects themselves prepared in various manners as an ‘autogenous’ vaccine. Such treatment remained in use for many years without any rigorous evaluation. However, a double-blind controlled crossover study, published in 1982, showed no difference in outcome for such therapy versus placebo8 and such therapy subsequently ceased. In regressing genital warts there is evidence that cell-mediated immunity plays a central role, characterized by an activated CD4+ T cell and macrophage infiltration of the epidermis.9
Additional chapters from this book:
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Vaccine for Genital Warts
John St. Clair Roberts, Terry O’Neill, Charles Lacey, David Rowen, Jane Sterling, Eric Monteiro, Louise Clark and Stephen Thompson
G papillomavirus (HPV), principally HPV types 6 and 11.1 They are one of the most common clinically recognized sexually transmitted diseases worldwide, occurring at incidence rates of 1.5-2.5% per y...
HPV Vaccines for Protection Against Infection
Kathrin U. Jansen
The purpose of this chapter is to describe the rationale and scientific evidence for the development of prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines based on the use of recombinant HPV virus-lik...
Immunobiology of HPV Infection
Graham R. Leggatt and Ian H. Frazer
T of epithelial cells. An understanding of the viral life cycle, models of infection and the host immune response is an essential first step in the development of therapeutic or prophylactic vaccine...
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Robert W. Tindle
About 50 of the approximately 100 (the number continues to grow) genotypes of human papillomaviruses (HPV) infect the mucous epithelium of the genital tract. HPV genotypes 6, 11, 43 and 44, in parti...
