Chapter category: Cancer Genetics
Thyroid Cancer
Translocations in Solid Tumors
Edited by: Colin CooperISBN: 1-58706-033-7
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Chapter authors:
M. A. Pierotti, I. Bongarzone, M. G. Borrello, A. Greco, S. Pilotti and G. Sozzi
The thyroid gland manifests a wide spectrum of malignant neoplasms, including medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), which develop from the neural–crest derived C cells, and tumors originating from the epithelial follicular cells. The latter comprise several tumor types with different phenotypic characteristics and variable biological and clinical behaviour. Thyroid adenomas are, in fact, benign neoplasms, although part of them is capable of malignant growth and progression, whereas papillary and follicular carcinomas are the most common form of thyroid cancer. In spite of their common origin from the thyroid follicular cell, papillary and follicular carcinomas are regarded as different biological entities. The follicular carcinoma, solitary and encapsulated, is associated with endemic goiter, a diet with low iodine intake and metastatizes almost exclusively via the blood stream often to bones. The papillary carcinoma, on the contrary, is multifocal and associated with a previous radiation exposure, high iodine intake and metastatizes through lymphatic spread to regional lymph–nodes. Anaplastic or undifferentiated thyroid carcinomas are almost invariably fatal representing the most aggressive form of thyroid tumors.
Additional chapters from this book:
Toward New Approaches: Targeting Tumor Specific Molecular Alterations with Immune Based Therapy
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ETV6–NTRK3 Gene Fusions in Spindle Cell Tumors of Early Childhood
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Chromosome Translocations in Benign Solid Tumors
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The evolution from classical genetics to molecular genetics and genetic engineering has revealed the immense potential of gene manipulation for basic science, medicine, and biotechnology. The ...
Molecular Cytogenetics of Complex Chromosomal Rearrangements
R.F. Suijkerbuijk, A. Simons, and A. Geurts van Kessel
Since the end of the last century karyotypicabnormalities have been known to occur in neoplastic cells.1–2 Significant progress in the interpretation of these aberrations was, ...
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Most of the chromosome translocations discussed in this book were discovered through cytogenetic analyzes. In fact, traditional cytogenetic approaches, in which various stains are used to prod...
Toward New Approaches: Targeting Tumor Specific Molecular Alterations with Immune Based Therapy
C. L. Mackall, T. J. Goletz, J. A. Berzofsky and L.J. Helman
Effective immune based therapies for cancer have long been sought by immunologists and oncologists. Indeed many of the basic immunologic principles of transplantation were discovered serendipi...
Molecular Diagnostics
Marc Ladanyi
Specific chromosomal translocations are found in several solid tumors, including many sarcomas (Table 1) and some epithelial tumors (Table 2). Several lines of evidence suggest that the fusion...
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Colin S. Cooper and Janet M. Shipley
Renal neoplasms account for 3% of adult malignancies with approximately 27,000 cases and more than 10,000 deaths in the US each year.1 In children renal tumors, predominantly Wilm's...
Thyroid Cancer
M. A. Pierotti, I. Bongarzone, M. G. Borrello, A. Greco, S. Pilotti and G. Sozzi
The thyroid gland manifests a wide spectrum of malignant neoplasms, including medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), which develop from the neural–crest derived C cells, and tumors originatin...
ETV6–NTRK3 Gene Fusions in Spindle Cell Tumors of Early Childhood
Poul H.B. Sorensen
Molecular analysis of gene fusions expressed in human tumors is providing numerous insights into the oncogenic process. Most chimeric oncoproteins characterized to date appear to act as aberra...
Chromosome Translocations in Dermatofibrosarcoma
Claude Turc-Carel
Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans (DP), also named Darier–Ferrand tumor, is a soft tissue tumor typically located in the deep dermis. It arises at any site but preferentially in the subcuta...
Synovial Sarcoma
Janet M. Shipley and Colin S. Cooper
Synovial sarcoma accounts for about 10% of adult soft tissue sarcomas with approximately 200 new cases a year in the UK and 800 in the USA. They occur mainly in adolescence although can presen...
The TLS-CHOP Oncoprotein and Human Liposarcoma
Masahiko Kuroda, John Sok and David Ron
In thinking about cancers that may be amenable to specific therapeutic approaches, one is drawn to the relatively small group of neoplasms, mainly leukemias, lymphomas and sarcomas, that have ...
Chromosomal Translocations in Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma
Frederic G. Barr
Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) is one subtype of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a heterogeneous family of soft tissue tumors that generally occur in pediatric patients and are related to the skelet...
Chromosome Translocations in Benign Solid Tumors
Wim J.M. Van de Ven, Koen Kas, Marleen M.R. Petit, Eric F.P.M. Schoenmakers, and Marianne L. Voz
The evolution from classical genetics to molecular genetics and genetic engineering has revealed the immense potential of gene manipulation for basic science, medicine, and biotechnology. The ...
Molecular Cytogenetics of Complex Chromosomal Rearrangements
R.F. Suijkerbuijk, A. Simons, and A. Geurts van Kessel
Since the end of the last century karyotypicabnormalities have been known to occur in neoplastic cells.1–2 Significant progress in the interpretation of these aberrations was, ...
Cytogenetics of Solid Tumors
Jonathan A. Fletcher
Most of the chromosome translocations discussed in this book were discovered through cytogenetic analyzes. In fact, traditional cytogenetic approaches, in which various stains are used to prod...
