Chapter category: Viruses
The HIV Envelope Glycoprotein
HIV and Membrane Receptors
Edited by: Dimiter Dimitrov, Christopher Broder and Garry LynchISBN: 1-57059-464-3
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Chapter authors:
Dimitrov, Dimiter S. , Christopher C. Broder
The primary viral determinant which interacts with cellular receptors is the envelope glycoprotein (Env). Enveloped viruses encode one or more types of these integral membrane proteins. HIV is no exception; Env serves two functions that are critical in the replication cycle of HIV; binding to receptor (CD4) and mediating membrane fusion. The envelope glycoprotein is also the major antigenic determinant to which neutralizing antibodies are directed.1 In this chapter we will focus on sequence variation and structural properties of the Env glycoprotein important for interactions with receptor molecules. References 2-5 can provide more details of various aspects of the Env and serve as a source of older citations. For simplicity, we will limit this discussion to the envelope glycoprotein from HIV-1.
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