Chapter category: Hematology
The FANCC Gene and its Products
Molecular Mechanisms of Fanconi Anemia
Edited by: Shamim I. Ahmad and Sandra H. KirkISBN: 0-387-31972-7
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Chapter authors:
Susan M. Gordon and Manuel Buchwald
Fanconi anaemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by progressive pancytopaenia and predisposition to malignancy, often accompanied by congenital malformations. The cellular phenotype of FA includes increased chromosomal instability and accumulation in the G2 phase of the cell cycle, both of which are exacerbated by the hallmark sensitivity of FA cells to DNA crosslinking agents such as mitomycin C (MMC) and diepoxybutane (DEB). FA is genetically heterogeneous, consisting of at least eleven complementation groups, the genes for eight of which have been cloned. FANCC was the first gene causal for FA to be identified, and consequently has been the most intensively studied. Loss of function studies have demonstrated an important role for FANCC in the proliferation of germ cells and haematopoietic stem cells (HPCs). Together with the protein products of at least five other FA genes, FANCC participates in the formation of a nuclear protein complex, the formation of which is required for monoubiquitination of the FANCD2 protein. This cooperative action of the FA proteins fits well with the indistinguishable clinical presentation and universal cellular crosslinker sensitivity of the complementation groups. However, despite its ability to participate in a nuclear protein complex and possible involvement in nuclear activities such as DNA repair and transcriptional regulation, FANCC is unique among the FA proteins in having a predominantly cytoplasmic cellular localization. Investigation of possible cytoplasmic roles for FANCC have revealed it to be a multifunctional protein involved in the suppression of cell death in response to a wide range of stimuli including DNA-crosslinking agents, factor withdrawl, dsRNA, stimulatory cytokines and Fas ligation, as well as a having a possibly interrelated role in maintaining of the redox state of the cell.
Additional chapters from this book:
Fanconi Anaemia and Oxidative Stress: Cellular and Clinical Phenotypes
Giovanni Pagano and Shamim I. Ahmad
The cellular and clinical phenotypes of Fanconi Anaemia (FA) have been associated with a set of redox abnormalities using evidence arising from in vitro, in vivo and molecular studies. The available i...
Clinical Features of Fanconi Anaemia
A. Malcolm R. Taylor
Fanconi anaemia is an autosomal recessive disorder in which patients develop bone mar row failure and aplastic anaemia but this can occur at widely differing ages from the first year to age 12 years...
The Genetic Basis of Fanconi Anemia
Grover C. Bagby, Jr.
Seventy-five years ago, Dr. Guido Fanconi reported three siblings who exhibited both congenital defects and aplastic anemia.1 Since then, we have learned that Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare multigeni...
The FANC B, E, F and G Genes and their Products
Filippo Rosselli
The rare autosomal recessive syndrome Fanconi anemia (FA) leads to bone marrow failure and malignancy predisposition. Moreover, patients may present with several congenital anomalies of the skeleton...
The FANCA Gene and its Products
L. S. Haneline
Fanconi anemia (FA), type A is the most common FA complementation type with muta tions in the FANCA gene accounting for approximately 65% of cases.1,2 The FANCA protein is recognized as an integral ...
FANCD1/BRCA2 and FANCD2
Gary M.Kupfer
The field of FA was both excited as well as surprised when the first cloned genes encoded proteins that resembled no known protein motif. Several binding proteins were described, yet no biochemical ...
The FANC Genome Surveillance Complex
Takayuki Yamashita
FA is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by progressive bone marrow failure, congenital anomalies and susceptibility to hematological and solid malignancies. The most consistent f...
Mutational Analyses of Fanconi Anemia Genes in Japanese Patients
Akira Tachibana
Fanconi anemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a progressive pancytopenia associated with congenital anomalies and high predisposition to malig nancies.1 Certain FA cell lin...
Therapy for Fanconi Anemia
Madeleine Carreau
Treatment of the hematological manifestation in Fanconi anemia is first supportive (trans fusions) with attempts to stimulate hematopoiesis with either androgens, usually oxymetholone, or the hemato...
Other Proteins and Their Interactions With FA Gene Products
Tetsuya Otsuki, Johnson M. Liu
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder, consisting of at least eight complementation groups (FA-A, -B, -C, -D1, -D2, -E, -F and –G).1-3 To date, seven FA genes, FANC-A, -C, -D1 ...
The FANCC Gene and its Products
Susan M. Gordon and Manuel Buchwald
Fanconi anaemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by progressive pancytopaenia and predisposition to malignancy, often accompanied by congenital malformations. The cellular pheno...
