Chapter category: Gene Expression
DNA: Alternative Conformations and Biology
DNA Conformation and Transcription
Edited by: Takashi OhyamaISBN: 0-387-25579-6
» Get more information about this book at landesbioscience.com «
Chapter authors:
Vladimir N. Potaman and Richard R. Sinden
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Additional chapters from this book:
Putative Roles of kin17, a Mammalian Protein Binding Curved DNA, in Transcription
Jaime F. Angulo, Philippe Mauffrey, Ghislaine Pinon-Lataillade, Laurent Miccoli and Denis S.F. Biard
In bacteria, RecA protein is indispensable for recombination, mutagenesis and for the induction of SOS genes. Curiously, anti-RecA antibodies recognize kin17, a human nuclear Zn-finger protein of ...
Gene Regulation by HMGA and HMGB Chromosomal Proteins and Related Architectural DNA-Binding Proteins
Andrew A. Travers
The eukaryotic abundant high mobility group HMGA and HMGB proteins can act as architectural transcription factors by promoting the assembly of higher-order protein- DNA complexes which can either ac...
The Role of Unusual DNA Structures in Chromatin Organization for Transcription
Takashi Ohyama
The structural and mechanical properties of DNA influence nucleosome positioning and the manner in which DNA is organized in chromatin. Curved DNA structures, poly(dA•dT) sequences, and Z-DNA-form...
DNA: Alternative Conformations and Biology
Vladimir N. Potaman and Richard R. Sinden
Local structural transitions from the common B-DNA conformation into other DNA forms can be functionally important. This chapter describes the structures of DNA forms called alternative DNA conforma...
Molecular Mechanisms of Male Sex Determination: The Enigma of SRY
Michael A. Weiss
The human testis-determining gene Sry, a single-copy gene on the short arm of the Y chromosome, encodes a high-mobility-group (HMG) box, a DNA-bending motif conserved among architectural transcripti...
Curved DNA and Prokaryotic Promoters: A Mechanism for Activation of Transcription
Munehiko Asayama and Takashi Ohyama
Intrinsically curved DNA structures often occur in or around origins of DNA replication, regions that regulate transcription, and DNA recombination loci, and are found in a wide variety of cellular ...
Do DNA Triple Helices or Quadruplexes Have a Role in Transcription?
Michael W. Van Dyke
Certain DNA sequences preferentially adopt multistranded, non-B-form structures under physiological conditions. These include three-stranded DNA triplexes and four-stranded DNA quadruplexes. Several...
Sequence-Dependent Variability of B- DNA: An Update on Bending and Curvature
Victor B. Zhurkin, Michael Y. Tolstorukov, Fei Xu, Andrew V. Colasanti and Wilma K. Olson
DNA bending is universal in biology—both the storage and the retrieval of information encoded in the base-pair sequence require significant deformations, particularly bending, of the double helix....
Possible Roles of DNA Supercoiling in Transcription
Susumu Hirose and Kuniharu Matsumoto
Transcription and supercoiling of the template DNA are closely related each other. DNA supercoiling affects transcription and transcription affects supercoiling of the template DNA. Furthermore, pac...
Repression of Transcription by Curved DNA and Nucleoid Protein H-NS: A Mode of Bacterial Gene Regulation
Cynthia L. Pon, Stefano Stella and Claudio O. Gualerzi
Nucleoid-associated protein H-NS has emerged as one of the most intriguing and versatile global regulators of enterobacterial gene expression acting primarily yet not exclusively at the transcriptio...
DNA Bendability and Nucleosome Positioning in Transcriptional Regulation
Mensur Dlakic, David W. Ussery and Søren Brunak
The placement of nucleosomes along genomic DNA is determined by signals that can be specific or degenerate at the level of sequence; the latter signals are harder to find using conventional methods....
Roles for Z-DNA and Double-Stranded RNA in Transcription: Encoding Genetic Information by Shape Rather than by Sequence
Alan Herbert
Readout of eukaryotic genomes is soft-wired, leading to many different messages from a single gene. Z-DNA and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) are both examples where genetic information is encoded by sh...
Nucleic Acid Structures and the Transcription Defects in Fragile X Syndrome and Friedreich’s Ataxia
Karen Usdin
Fragile X mental retardation syndrome and Friedreich ataxia belong to a group of genetic disorders known as the Repeat Expansion Diseases. These diseases all result from expansion of a specific tand...
Curved DNA and Transcription in Eukaryotes
Takashi Ohyama
Intrinsically curved DNA structures are often found in or around transcriptional control regions of eukaryotic genes, and curved DNA may be common to all class I gene promot ers. Although not all cl...
