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Chapter category: RNA

Riboswitches As Genetic Control Elements

This chapter appears in the following book:

Nucleic Acid Switches and Sensors

Edited by: Scott K. Silverman
ISBN: 0-387-37491-4
» Get more information about this book at landesbioscience.com «

Chapter authors:
Ali Nahvi and Ronald R. Breaker


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Riboswitches are metabolite-sensing RNA elements that are present in the noncoding portions of certain messenger RNAs. Each riboswitch carries an aptamer that is highly selective for its target metabolite and an expression platform that more directly interfaces with gene expression systems. In bacteria, changes in RNA structure brought about by ligand binding are harnessed to control expression by modulating mRNA transcription, translation, or RNA stability. The gene control mechanisms and ligand binding characteristics of riboswitches range from minimalist to surprisingly complex. Therefore it is likely that some riboswitches represent the simplest of ways to control genes, while others exhibit levels of sophistication that until now had only been seen with protein genetic factors.

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