Chapter category: Endocrine
b Cell Proliferation as the Major Determinant of Pancreatic b Cell Mass
Islet Cell Growth Factors
Edited by: Rohit N. KulkarniISBN: TBA
» Get more information about this book at landesbioscience.com «
Chapter authors:
Zvi Granot and Yuval Dor
A fundamental problem in pancreas biology concerns the cellular origins of adult pancreatic b cells. Identifying the cells that give rise to new b cells will have important implications for the design of future regenerative therapies for diabetes. Numerous studies have suggested that b cells are generated in vivo from a pool of stem or progenitor cells residing in pancreatic ducts, inside islets or in the bone marrow. More recent experiments have challenged this model, and indicated that new adult b cells derive mainly by self-proliferation of existing, terminally differentiated b cells. In this chapter we summarize the evidence regarding the critical contribution of b cell proliferation, and discuss some implications of this view for the study of pancreas dynamics and diabetes.
Additional chapters from this book:
Role of Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein and Lactogens in the Pancreatic Beta Cell
Yuichi Fujinaka, Lin Wang, Takaya Matsushita and Rupangi C. Vasavada
With the current rate of escalation in diabetes worldwide the need to treat and cure the disease is imperative from the standpoint of avoiding both a health and a related economic crisis in the ...
Role of FoxO Proteins in Pancreatic b Cells
Tadahiro Kitamura, Yukari Ido Kitamura and Domenico Accili
Forkhead transcription factors of the FoxO family have important roles in cellular proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and stress resistance. FoxO proteins also play important roles in m...
b Cell Proliferation as the Major Determinant of Pancreatic b Cell Mass
Zvi Granot and Yuval Dor
A fundamental problem in pancreas biology concerns the cellular origins of adult pancreatic b cells. Identifying the cells that give rise to new b cells will have important implications for th...
Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) and the Pancreatic Beta Cell
Jose A. Gonzalez-Pertusa, Laura Alonso and Adolfo Garcia-Ocaña
Studies performed in vivo using genetically modified mouse models have shown that growth factors are regulators of beta cell growth and differentiation. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), initially...
Akt and Pancreatic b-Cell Growth and Function
Ernesto Bernal-Mizrachi
The serine-threonine kinase Akt also known as protein kinase B is one of the most studied molecules. In addition to the important role in carcinogenesis, Akt is a major regulator of carbohydrate metab...
Cell Cycle Regulation and Beta Cells
Senta Georgia and Anil Bhushan
Cells regulate proliferation by entering and progressing through the cell cycle. Conversely, cell growth is arrested by exiting the cell cycle. A balance of extrinsic and intrinsic signals nor...
Role of Pdx-1 in β-Cell Growth
J. Nina Ham and Doris A. Stoffers
PDX-1 is a homeodomain transcription factor that acts as a key regulator of pancreas development, pancreatic b-cell differentiation, and b-cell function. It is one of the earliest markers of pancreati...
