Chapter category: Viruses
Entry of Influenza Virus
Viral Entry into Host Cells
Edited by: Stefan Pohlmann and Graham SimmonsISBN: TBA
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Chapter authors:
Xiangjie Sun and Gary R. Whittaker
As a major pathogen of human and certain animal species, influenza virus causes wide spread and potentially devastating disease. To initiate infection, the virus first binds to cellular receptors comprising either -(2,3) or -(2,6) linked sialic acid. Recent advances in our understanding of the influenza virus receptor and viral host species involved have shed light on the molecular mechanism of how influenza virus transmits across species and adapts to a new host. Following receptor binding, influenza viruses are internalized through multiple endocytic pathways, including both clathrin- and non-clathrin-dependent routes, which have recently been visualized at single viral particle level. The viral envelope then fuses with the endosomal membrane in a low pH-dependent manner and the viral genome is released into the cytosol, followed by further transport to the nucleus where genome replication occurs.
Additional chapters from this book:
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Entry of Herpesviruses into Cells: The Enigma Variations
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Attachment Factors
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Flaviviruses
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Flaviviruses are a group of positive-stranded RNA viruses that enter target cells via an endocytic pathway and fuse with target cell membranes in a pH-dependent fashion. Interactions between hos...
Reovirus Receptors, Cell Entry, and Proapoptotic Signaling
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Mammalian orthoreoviruses (reoviruses) are members of the Reoviridae family of viruses. Reoviruses contain 10 double-stranded (ds) RNA gene segments enclosed in two concentric protein shells, ca...
Entry of Influenza Virus
Xiangjie Sun and Gary R. Whittaker
As a major pathogen of human and certain animal species, influenza virus causes wide spread and potentially devastating disease. To initiate infection, the virus first binds to cellular receptors...
Entry of Rhabdoviruses into Animal Cells
Andrew D. Regan and Gary R. Whittaker
Entry is the first step in the infectious life cycle of a virus. In the case of rhabdoviruses, entry is facilitated exclusively by the envelope glycoprotein G and its interactions with the host ...
