Chapter category:
Telomere Position Effect and the Evolution of the Genome
Origin and Evolution of Telomeres
Edited by: Jozef Nosek and Ľubomír TomáskaISBN: 978-1-58706-309-1
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Chapter authors:
Frederique Magdinier, Alexandre Ottaviani and Eric Gilson
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Frederique Magdinier
Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire de la Cellule, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon
Alexandre Ottaviani
Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire de la Cellule, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon
Eric Gilson
Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire de la Cellule, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon
Additional chapters from this book:
Molecular Diversity of Telomeric Sequences
Marita Cohn
Telomeric DNA generally comprises a repetitive, noncoding sequence which terminates in a single‑stranded extension, the 3\' overhang. Although these species‑specific repeats show a large d...
Mitochondrial Telomeres: An Evolutionary Paradigm for the Emergence of Telomeric Structures and Their Replication Strategies
Jozef Nosek and Ľubomír Tomáska
Linear DNA genomes are sporadically found among viruses, bacteria and organelles. In contrast, virtually all eukaryotic species harbor in their nuclei chromosomes consisting of linear DNA molecules th...
Cancer as a Microevolutionary Process Affecting Telomere Structure and Dynamics: The Contribution of Telomeres to Cancer
J. Arturo Londoño-Vallejo
Telomeres play fundamental roles in genome stability, nuclear architecture and chromosome pairing during meiosis. They shorten at every cell division and may be re‑elongated or not depending on ...
Drosophila Telomeres: A Variation on the Telomerase Theme
Mary-Lou Pardue and P. Gregory DeBaryshe
In Drosophila, the role of telomerase is carried out by three specialized retrotransposable elements, HeT‑A, TART and Tahre. Telomeres contain long tandem head‑to‑tail arrays of thes...
Evolution, Composition and Interrelated Functions of Telomeres and Subtelomeres: Lessons from Plants
Jiří Fajkus, Andrew R. Leitch, Michael Chester and Eva Sýkorová
The terminal parts of chromosomes, telomeres and their subtelomeric neighbors are reviewed. Both have common and specific features that interact to generate the unique and essential biology that chara...
Telomeres: Guardians of Genomic Integrity or Double Agents of Evolution?
Michael McEachern
Telomeres are crucial components required for genomic stability. Telomere dysfunction can result in enormously elevated rates of chromosomal alterations, particularly in subtelomeric regions. Interest...
Telomerase: Evolution, Structure and Function
Marie-Eve Brault, Yasmin D'Souza and Chantal Autexier
Telomerase is a unique ribonucleoprotein reverse transcriptase that uses an integral RNA template to catalyze the addition of telomeric repeats at telomeres. This mechanism is required for the mainten...
Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres in Mammalian Cells
Anthony J. Cesare and Roger R. Reddel
For human cells to achieve immortalization they must bypass multiple proliferative checkpoints and acquire a telomere maintenance mechanism to counteract the natural telomere attrition that results fr...
Prokaryotic Telomeres: Replication Mechanisms and Evolution
Sherwood R. Casjens and Wai Mun Huang
Two types of bacterial telomeres of linear genomes are known. One type involves the covalent attachment of a terminal protein to each of the 5\'‑ends and the protective terminal protein is part ...
Evolution of Telomere Binding Proteins
Martin P. Horvath
Telomere binding proteins provide essential functions for chromosome maintenance in most eukaryotes and consequently are well suited for analysis in the context of evolution. This review focuses on pa...
T‑Loops, T‑Circles and Slippery Forks
Sarah A. Compton, Anthony J. Cesare, Nicole Fouche, Sezgin Ozgur and Jack D. Griffith
All species with linear chromosomes require telomeres, whose role is to stabilize chromosome ends and prevent undesirable recombination‑mediated or DNA repair‑mediated events involving the...
Telomere Position Effect and the Evolution of the Genome
Frederique Magdinier, Alexandre Ottaviani and Eric Gilson
It is now well known that chromatin structure and subnuclear environment play universal roles in the regulation of gene transcription and any type of DNA transactions, including the 3Rs (replication, ...
