Chapter category: Leptin and Leptin Antagonists
Leptin Actions in the Gastrointestinal Tract
Leptin and Leptin Antagonists
Edited by: Arieh GertlerISBN: TBA
» Get more information about this book at landesbioscience.com «
Chapter authors:
Sandra Guilmeau, Thomas Aparicio, Robert Ducroc and André Bado
The primary physiological role of leptin is to communicate to the central nervous system (CNS) the abundance of available energy stores and to restrain food intake and induce energy expenditure.1‑5 Thus, it was expected that the absence of leptin leads to increased appetite and food intake that result in morbid obesity. Notably, only rare cases of severe early childhood obesity have been associated with leptin deficiency and the remainder of the obese population typically has elevated leptin levels. The failure of leptin to induce weight loss in these cases is thought to be the result of leptin resistance. Leptin exerts its biological actions through interaction with leptin receptors Ob‑Rs, encoded by the db gene.6,7 These receptors are members of the gp130 family of cytokine receptors and occur in several isoforms.
Sandra Guilmeau
Thomas Aparicio
Robert Ducroc
André Bado
INSERM, U773, Centre de Recherche Biomédicale Bichat Beaujon; UFR de Médecine Paris 7-- 4Denis Diderot; IFR02 Claude Bernard, 16 rue Henri Huchard, BP 416, F-75018, Paris, France
Additional chapters from this book:
The Use of Leptin for the Treatment of Lipodystrophy
Angeline Y. Chong, Elaine K. Cochran and Phillip Gorden
Leptin was the first of the adipocyte‑secreted hormones, later termed adipokines, to be identified. It is used clinically to treat hypoleptinemic states, such as congenital leptin deficiency and...
Study of Leptin: Leptin Receptor Interaction by FRET and BRET
Julie Dam, Cyril Couturier, Patty Chen and Ralf Jockers
Understanding the molecular mechanism of the leptin:leptin receptor (OB‑R) interaction and the OB‑R activation process is crucial for the development of drugs that target OB‑Rs. Rece...
Leptin as a Novel Marker in Breast and Colorectal Cancer
Eva Surmacz and Mariusz Koda
Obesity, defined as Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥30, constitutes a known risk factor for the development of different neoplasms, including such common diseases as postmenopausal breast cancer and colo...
Leptin Signal Transduction—A 2008 Update
Walter Becker
Leptin is an adipocyte‑secreted hormone that informs the brain about the status of the body’s energy stores. Leptin controls energy homeostasis through effects on satiety and energy expenditure ...
Is Leptin a Pro‑ or Anti‑Apoptotic Agent?
Srujana Rayalam, Mary Anne Della-Fera, Suresh Ambati and Clifton A. Baile
Apoptosis, the regulated destruction of a cell, is characterized by biological and morphological changes and involves a large web of integrating pathways and factors. Apoptosis is necessary to elimina...
Involvement of Leptin in Arterial Hypertension
Jerzy Beltowski
Leptin is secreted by white adipose tissue and its concentration in plasma is higher in obese than in lean subjects. Recent studies suggest that leptin is involved in cardiovascular complications of o...
Insights in the Activated LR Complex and the Rational Design of Antagonists
Frank Peelman, Lennart Zabeau and Jan Tavernier
The hormone leptin plays an important role in the control of body weight. Leptin is mainly produced and secreted by adipocytes as a 16 kDa nonglycosylated polypeptide and plasma leptin levels positive...
Leptin Actions in the Gastrointestinal Tract
Sandra Guilmeau, Thomas Aparicio, Robert Ducroc and André Bado
The primary physiological role of leptin is to communicate to the central nervous system (CNS) the abundance of available energy stores and to restrain food intake and induce energy expenditure.1̴...
The Role of Leptin in Bone Development and Growth
Efrat Monsonego Ornan and Michal Ben-Ami
The link between obesity and osteoporosis—two major public‑health problems, has become central to bone research in recent years, ever since leptin was identified as a regulator of both appetite ...
Involvement of Leptin in the Endometrial Function
Ana Cervero and Carlos Simon
Leptin was discovered in 1994 as the product of the OB gene and was originally thought to be produced by only adipocytes governing energy homeostasis. Nevertheless, it has since been described as a pl...
Use of Anti‑Leptin or Anti‑Leptin Receptor Antibodies as Blockers of Immune Response
Giuseppe Matarese and Veronica De Rosa
Leptin, a hormone produced primarily by adipose cells, is known to be critically involved in regulating nutrient intake and metabolism. Increasing evidence has indicated that leptin also plays crucial...
Use of Leptin Antagonists as Anti‑Inflammatory and Anti‑Fibrotic Reagents
Erah Elinav and Arieh Gertler
Leptin has been implicated as a pro‑inflammatory cytokine, involved in the activation of effector T‑cells as well as various other components of the innate and adaptive immune response. Le...
The Role of Leptin During Early Life in Imprinting Later Metabolic Responses
Mark H. Vickers, Stefan O. Krechowec, Peter D. Gluckman and Bernhard H. Breier
A robust regulatory physiologic system has evolved to maintain relative constancy of weight; an equilibrium broken by modern lifestyles leading to the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes and other...
