Chapter category: Gene Therapy
HIV-2 and SIV Vector Systems
Lentiviral Vector Systems
for Gene Transfer
Edited by: Gary L. BuchschacherISBN: 0-306-47702-5
» Get more information about this book at landesbioscience.com «
Chapter authors:
James R. Gilbert and Flossie Wong-Staal
Lentiviral vectors have received much attention in recent years due to their ability to efficiently transduce non-dividing cells. Of the lentiviruses HIV-2 and SIV offer several unique benefits as the basis for lentiviral vector design. HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIV remain the only known primate lentiviruses, and consequently are among the most extensively studied viruses known. Substantial effort has been devoted towards identifying the pathogenic determinants of the primate lentiviruses and towards understanding their replication within primates. Of the primate lentiviruses, the pathogenicity and rates of transmission of HIV-2 and SIV fall far below that of HIV-1, potentially providing vectors based upon HIV-2/SIV with a greater degree of biosafety. Last, and perhaps most importantly, HIV-2 and SIV are viruses which may be studied within non-human primate models susceptible to AIDS-like disease, making vectors based upon these viruses accessible to substantial preclinical evaluation. We approach this Chapter presenting information regarding the basic biology of HIV-2 and SIV and conclude by pointing to how unique features of HIV-2 and SIV are well suited to vector design, hoping to leave the reader with a greater appreciation of the potential these viruses offer within the field of gene transfer applications.
Additional chapters from this book:
Determinants for Lentiviral Infection of Non-Dividing Cells
Marie A. Vodicka
Lentiviruses share the common characteristic of infecting non-dividing target cells, distinguishing them from the oncogenic retroviruses which only productively infect dividing cells. The sear...
Ethical Considerations in the Use of Lentiviral Vectors for Genetic Transfer
Ina Roy
This chapter will outline the various concerns which have been raised in scientific, bioethics, and lay communities about the use of lentiviral vectors for purposes of gene therapy. Many of th...
Prospects for Gene Therapy Using HIV-Based Vectors
Jiing-Kuan Yee and John A. Zaia
Recombinant vectors derived from murine leukemia virus (MLV) have been widely used to introduce genes in human gene therapy clinical trials and have shown the potential for medical application...
Safety Considerations in Vector Development
John C. Kappes and Xiaoyun Wu
The inadvertent production of replication competent retrovirus (RCR) constitutes the principal safety concern for the use of lentiviral vectors in human clinical protocols. Because of limitati...
EIAV, CAEV and Other Lentivirus Vector Systems
John C. Olsen
Lentiviruses that infect non-primates make up a diverse collection of viruses. Although these viruses have some features in common with HIV and other primate viruses, differences in genome org...
FIV Vector Systems
Sybille L. Sauter and Mehdi Gasmi
Why is feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) such an appealing candidate for gene therapy vector development? Phylogenetic analysis suggests FIV is only distantly related to the primate lentivir...
HIV-2 and SIV Vector Systems
James R. Gilbert and Flossie Wong-Staal
Lentiviral vectors have received much attention in recent years due to their ability to efficiently transduce non-dividing cells. Of the lentiviruses HIV-2 and SIV offer several unique benefit...
HIV-1 Vector Systems
Narasimhachar Srinivasakumar
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) based gene transfer systems are gaining in popularity due to their ability to transduce terminally differentiated and non-dividing cells. Oncoretrov...
HIV-1 Replication
Eric O. Freed
In general terms, the replication cycle of lentiviruses, including HIV-1, closely resembles that of other retroviruses.1 There are, however, a number of unique aspects of HIV replic...
Introduction to Retroviruses and Retroviral Vectors
Gary L. Buchschacher, Jr.
As various viral vector systems for gene transfer are developed, interest in using such systems in applied settings continues to grow. This Chapter is designed to provide background informatio...
