Chapter category: Neurodegenerative Disease
Amyloid β-Protein in Low-Density Membrane Domains
Ab Metabolism and Alzheimer's Disease
Edited by: Takaomi SaidoISBN: 1-58706-230-5
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Chapter authors:
Maho Morishima-Kawashima and Yasuo lhara
Membrane microdomains, which have just been emerging thanks to recent technological progress, may have significant roles in normal cell functions such as adhesion, signaling, and trafficking. We found that a significant amount of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) is located to the cholesterol -and sphingolipid-rich low-density membrane (LDM) microdomains, and that these by themselves can produce Aβ. When Aβ42 starts to accumulate in the brain, the levels of Aβ42 are invariably also increased in LDM domains. The levels of Aβ42 in LDM domains correlate well with the extent of extracellular Aβ deposition. In addition, mutant presenilin appears to recruit a larger amount of Aβ42 to LDM domains. Thus, the Aβ42 associated with LDM domains may play a significant role in the Aβ deposition that is usually observed in aged human brains.
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